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    • Home
    • BIO
      • Biography
      • Vita
      • List of Publications
    • BOOKS
    • ESSAYS
      • HISTORY & ETHNOGRAPHY
      • FEATURED TOPICS
      • MASTER LIST
    • ACTIVISM
    • ARCHIVING
    • TEACHING
  • Home
  • BIO
    • Biography
    • Vita
    • List of Publications
  • BOOKS
  • ESSAYS
    • HISTORY & ETHNOGRAPHY
    • FEATURED TOPICS
    • MASTER LIST
  • ACTIVISM
  • ARCHIVING
  • TEACHING

AMERICAN CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION

WALTER L. WILLIAMS INTERESTS IN THE CIVIL WAR (pdf)Download
Article by Walter Williams, What Happened to Black Union Soldiers Captured by Confederates (pdf)Download
Article Sambo Deception at Andersonville Prison (pdf)Download

Article by Walter Williams: Navajos in the Civil War

                   Download

BOOKS OF HISTORICAL FICTION WRITTEN BY W.L. WILLIAMS

Two Spirits: A Story of Life with the Navajo during the Civil War

Finding Freedom:  A Novel of the Civil War in the Pacific

Essay: The popularity of secession in the South was due to the percentage of enslaved persons (pdf)Download

Map from the US Census of 1860, showing the percentage of black people in each county of the South.

Map from the US Census of 1860, showing the percentage of black people in each county of the South.

Map from the US Census of 1860, showing the percentage of black people in each county of the South.

Note the concentration of enslaved persons in  South Carolina, the Mississippi River valley, eastern Virginia, and the central parts of Georgia and Alabama.  Each of these areas voted for secession.  In contrast, note the relative lack of African Americans in Appalachia (western Virginia and North Carolina, eastern Kentucky and Tennessee, north Georgia and Alabama).   Appalachia was mostly Unionist during the Civil War, which is evidence for slavery being the cause of Southern secession. 

Map from the US Census of 1860, showing the percentage of black people in each county of the South.

Map from the US Census of 1860, showing the percentage of black people in each county of the South.

Essay: What if the South seceded and there was no civil war (pdf)Download
By April 1 1861 only 7 states had seceded. 8 slave states did not. (pdf)Download

Confederates risked war hoping more slave states would join

Essay: Lincoln and the coming of the Civil War 2023 (pdf)Download
Essay: What reasons did the Union have for opposing Southern secession (pdf)Download
Essay: HOW COULD THE CIVIL WAR BE AVOIDED QUORA (pdf)Download
what if Lincoln were not elected in 1860 what might happen (pdf)Download
If Hannibal Hamlin had been president (pdf)Download
WHAT BUCHANAN COULD HAVE DONE TO DEAL WITH SECESSION 15JAN2024 (pdf)Download

THE UNION HAD FOUR TIMES THE POPULATION OF THE CONFEDERACY

Essay: What if Robert E Lee fought on the Union side (pdf)Download
Essay: What if Abraham Lincoln had been captured by Confederates (pdf)Download
Essay: Could the Union have won the war without Lincoln (pdf)Download
Essay: Did Lincoln make a mistake ordering the Army of the Potomac to retreat from Richmond in 1862 (pdf)Download
Essay: Why was it so difficult for the Union to defeat the Confederacy (pdf)Download
Book Review: Nichols, Lincoln and Indians (pdf)Download
Book Review: Dial, Lumbee Indians (pdf)Download
Book Review: Littlefield, Africans and Seminoles (pdf)Download
Book Review: Littlefield, Cherokee Freedmen (pdf)Download
RECONSTRUCTION Essay: What happened to Confederate leaders in 1865 (pdf)Download
RECONNSTRUCTION ssay: 13th Amendment slavery still exists in USA (pdf)Download
RECONSTRUCTION book review Benedict Compromise of Principle (pdf)Download

2 WARS 1861-65: US vs CS & US vs NATIVES

 


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